Anhang zu Teil 2
Karte der Netzwerke und der Brodman Areale
Die Liste würde zu lang werden, wenn man detaillierter werden wollte; deshalb werden nur besonders wichtige Verbindungen erwähnt.
Funktionen des Netzwerks
|
Brodmann areas
(Major sites only)
|
Comment
(Only a
few areas noted; networks for attention and for memory, for example, involve
many other areas.)
|
Exekutiv
|
6, 8, 9, 10, 44, 45, 46, 47 (24,
32, 33), 39, 40
|
Dorsolateral
frontal
Cingulate,
Parietal (supramarginal, angular)
|
Memory
|
34, 35, 36, 37, 31, 29, 20, 21,
28, 35, + 9, 10, 6
|
Ventral
central midline + frontal for working memory and spatial memory + temporal for
visual, auditory memory and memories of past events . Other areas for some
aspects: 8, 9, 10, 45, 46, 47
|
Aufmerksamkeit
|
7, 39, 31, 24, (+ right frontal:
10, 6, …)
|
Sustained
attention nondominant frontal-parietal area. Visual: 17, 18, 37; For speech: 38,
47, 22, 23, 24.
|
Lernen und Sprache
|
39, 40, 35, 22 posterior, 44, 45,
46, (37, 39, 47)
|
Hauptsächlich die dominante Hemissphäre bei Sprache, es gibt aber sehr viel mehr Regionen; e.g., 6, 8,
9, 10, 24, 31, 32, 33, 38, 40 , 5, 7, even 20, 21, 22)
|
Affekt
|
23, 24, 32, 33, 25, 34, 13, 9,
10, 11, 12, 38, 47, 34, 35, 36
|
Zentrale Mittellinienstruktur/Cingulate, medial frontal und orbital frontal
|
Default
|
31, 23; 29, 30
39, 40; (21)
24, 32, 10, 9
24, 10, 32, (11, 25)
28, 35, (27, 48)
|
Posterior Cingulate & Retrospinaler Kortex
Inferior Parietal Lappen (& Temporal)
Dorsaler Medial Prefrontal Kortex
Ventral Medial & (in Klammern) mit Funktionen verbundene Areale: Inferior Prefrontal & Subgenual Cingulate
Hippocampale Region (Medial
Temporal)
|
Integration von Information
|
31, 23, 29, 26, 30
|
Posterior
cingulate, Mittellinien Cuneus and Precuuneus
|
Somatosensorisch
|
1,2,3, 5, 40, (7, 40, 31)
|
Sensorimotoricher Streifen
|
Motorisch
|
4, 6, 8, (planning 6, 13, 40, 32, 33 )
|
Sensorimotorischer Streifen – Man weiß inzwischen, dass traditionell bedeutende sensorische und motorische Areale sich überlappen.
|
Visuell
|
17, 18, 19, (integration 20)
|
Occipitaler and inferiorer temporaler Bereich
|
Auditiv
|
41, 42, 22, (21, 38)
|
Temporal
(der Frontallappen ist involviert)
|
Geschmack
|
43
|
|
Geruch
|
34, 11
|
|
Die Phrase ‘preferential recuitmant’ könnte gelten. Das bedeutet, dass BAs mit funktioneller Beziehung zueinander immer mitaktiviert werden, wenn eine Region der korrespondierenden Areale aktiviert wird. Das ist für den NFB Therapeuten von erheblicher Bedeutung, weil das bedeutet, dass man immer, wenn man eine Region aktiviert, andere Areale, die im Netzwerk verbunden sind,mitaktiviert.
Table
of Regions of Interest, Lobules, Brodmann Areas
Gruppen von Brodmann Arealen zugeordnet zu Regionen des Interesses und den Hirnlappen.
From NeuroGuide.com. Reprinted with
permission.
Reihenfolge der beschriebenen Funktionen
Lappen, Netzwerke, Brodmann Areale, 10-20 Sites
Lappen und kortikaleAreale
|
Associated Networks
|
Principle Brodmann Areas
|
10-20 Sites
|
Frontal
(Lateral & Medial)
|
Executive Networks
Medial: Executive and Affect Networks
Medial (BA 9, 10): Default Network
|
8, 9, 10,
46, 45, 44, 6
47
Lateral and Medial discussed
together for each BA
--Inferior prefrontal 9, 10, 11,
46, 47
|
Fz
F3, F4
F7, F8
FP1, FP2
|
Frontal
Orbital
- Ventral/medial
|
Affect network – Social
(Default network)
|
11, 12
|
F9, F10
FPz
|
Central
|
Somatosensory Cortex
Sensory Network
Motor Network
|
BAs 4, 6, & 1, 2, 3, 5
BAs 1 , 2, 3 Primary (+ 43)
Somatosensory Cortex
BA 5 Somatosensory Association
Cortex
BA 4 Primary Motor Cortex
BA 6 Motor Association Cortex
|
Cz
C3, C4
Cz
C3, C4
|
Temporal
|
|
|
|
- Lateral Aspect
|
Executive – Auditory
|
41,
42, 22; 21, (52)
|
T7
& T8
|
- Temporal Pole
|
Executive, Semantic – also Affect
Networks
|
38
|
T7 & T8
(F7, F8)
|
Temporal
- Medial Aspect
- (+ Amygdala)
|
Executive Network – Memory
Affect network (+Default)
|
26,
27, 28
36,
37, (48)
35,
34
|
(Pz)
(P7,
P8)
|
Temporal
- Inferior
|
Object identification; part of the ‘what’
pathway.
|
20, 37
|
T9 & T10
|
Insula
|
Affect & Executive
|
13
|
C3-T7
|
Cingulate
|
|
|
|
Anterior (ACC)
|
Affect
- Executive
- Default
|
Affect: 24 (also Executive &
Default & Salience networks)
Affect: 33, 25
Executive: 32 (also Affect &
Default)
|
Cz
FCz
Fz
|
Posterior (PCC)
|
Default
Executive – Sensory
|
23, 31, 26, 29, (30)
|
Pz
|
Parietal
|
Executive, Sensory, Attention,
(& Default) Networks;
Spatial
Awareness, part of the ‘where’ pathway.
|
5, 7
|
PCz, Pz
|
Temporal – Parietal
- Lateral Aspect
|
Executive Network (& Default)
Comprehension/Language
Learning
Gesture, Emotion, Nuance
|
39, 40
DH: 39, 40
NDH: 39, 40
|
P3 & P4
|
Inferior-Parietal
Lateral
|
Attention & Salience
|
37
|
P7 & P8
|
Parietal Lobes - Medial Dorsal Aspect
|
Somatosensory Association
|
7
|
Pz
|
Occipital
|
Visual
|
17, 18, 19
|
O1, 0:
.
|
Zusammenfassung der Lokalisierung von Brodmann Arealen
(Bedenken sie immer, dass Bas über mehr als einen Gyrus reichen und dass jeder Gyrus mehrere BAs besitzt, mit denen er assoziiert ist.)
·
Area 6
– Premotor
cortex and supplementary motor cortex (also called secondary motor cortex
or supplementary motor area)
·
Area 8
– Includes frontal eye fields
·
Area 10
– Anterior prefrontal cortex (most rostral
part of superior and middle frontal gyri)
·
Area 11
– Orbitofrontal area (orbital and rectus
gyri, plus part of the rostral part of the superior frontal gyrus)
·
Area 12
– Orbitofrontal area (used to be part of
BA11, refers to the area between the superior frontal gyrus and the inferior
rostral sulcus)
·
Area 13
(& 14) – Insular
cortex
·
Area 22
– Superior temporal gyrus, memory comparison
area of auditory cortex, the posterior part is considered to contain a portion
of Wernicke's area in the Dominant Hemisphere
·
Area 23
– Ventral posterior cingulate cortex
·
Area 24
– Ventral anterior cingulate cortex
·
Area 25
– Subgenual cortex (part of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex)
·
Area 26
– Ectosplenial portion of the retrosplenial
region of the cerebral cortex
·
Area 27
– Part of piriform cortex
·
Area 28
– Posterior entorhinal cortex
·
Area 29
– Retrosplenial cingulate cortex
·
Area 30
– Part of cingulate cortex
·
Area 31
– Dorsal posterior cingulate cortex
·
Area 32
– Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
·
Area 33
– Part of anterior cingulate cortex
·
Area 34
– Anterior entorhinal cortex (on the parahippocampal gyrus)
·
Area 35
– Perirhinal cortex (on the parahippocampal gyrus)
·
Area 36
– Parahippocampal cortex (on the parahippocampal gyrus); fusiform gyrus
·
Area 37
– Fusiform
gyrus, occipitotemporal gyrus
·
Area 38
– Temporopolar area (most rostral part of the
superior and middle temporal gyri)
·
Area 39
– Angular gyrus
(part of Wernicke's area in Dominant Hemisphere)
·
Area 40
– Supramarginal gyrus (part of Wernicke's
area in Dominant Hemisphere)
·
Area 43
– Primary gustatory cortex
·
Area 44
– Pars opercularis. Contains mirror neurons and is
part of Broca's area in Dominant Hemisphere
·
Area 45
– Pars triangularis. Broca's area
in Dominant Hemisphere
·
Area 48
– Retrosubicular area (a small part of the medial
surface of the temporal lobe)
·
Area 49 – Parasubiculum area in a rodent
·
Areas 50 & 51 – Found in monkeys
·
Area 52
– Parainsular area (at the junction of the
temporal lobe and the insula)
|
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